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Camilla Dufour Crosland, name before marriage Camilla Dufour Toulmin, also known as Mrs. Newton Crosland (1812–1895) was an English writer of fiction, poetry, essays and sketches. ==Life== She was born on 9 June 1812 at Aldermanbury, London, where her father, William Toulmin, practised as a solicitor; her grandfather, Dr. William Toulmin, was a physician of repute. She was a precocious girl, who could read at the age of three〔John Sutherland: ''The Longman Companion to Victorian Fiction'' (London: Routledge, 2009 ()), p. 162 (Retrieved 8 November 2015 )〕 and loved reading, although she lacked a systematic education. She had two half-brothers by her father's first marriage and a younger brother by his second.〔 ''The Feminist Companion to Literature in English'', eds Virginia Blain, Patricia Clements and Isobel Grundy (London: Batsford, 1990), p. 251.〕 Her father, who had money troubles, died when Camilla was eight, and his widow and daughter were not provided for. Camilla Toulmin first appeared in print in 1838, with verse contributions to the ''Book of Beauty''.〔 She was also involved in editorial work, for the annuals ''The Keepsake'', on behalf of Marguerite Power, and ''Friendship's Offering'', as deputy to Leitch Ritchie. Crosland was acquainted with numerous literary women. They included Mary Cowden Clarke, Mary Howitt, Mary Russell Mitford, Geraldine Jewsbury, Catherine Crowe, Lady Blessington and Frances Browne. She was especially close to Dinah Mulock, later Craik, who acted as her bridesmaid on 22 July 1848, when she married Newton Crosland, a London wine merchant with literary and scientific tastes. Crosland and her husband became interested in spiritualism in 1854〔 and discussed it in 1857 with the Brownings in Italy.〔〔 After living for nearly 38 years in Blackheath, Camilla Crosland moved in 1886 to 29 Ondine Road, East Dulwich, where she died on 16 February 1895. A memorial window has been placed to her memory in St Alban's Cathedral.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Camilla Dufour Crosland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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